Rotary fuel burner



Sept. 1935- M. J. -BINK LEY 2,013,642

- ROTARY FUEL BURNER Filed May 14, 1930 N T Q g Q v I Illlilllll l I |llllllllllllllllllllllv W////////////////% INVENTOR mwu am ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 10, 1935 ROTARY FUEL BURNER Martin J. Binkley, East Orange, N. 3., assignor, by mesne assignments, to The Silent Glow Oil Burner Corporation, Hartford, Conn, a corporation of Connecticut Application May 14, 1930, Serial No. 452,232

'7 Claims.

My present invention relates to a fuel burner apparatus of the rotary type and particularly to the burner head of such apparatus. The main object of the invention is to provide a new and improved burner head of the type specified whereby the fuel and air or fluid are distributed in the most efficient manner and the head is maintained at a minimum temperature, with the result that the fuel or oil is distributed at a temperature below the flashing point thereby tending to prevent back firing to the head and harmful deposits within the head.

To the above and other ends which will subsequently appear the invention consists of the features of construction, combinations of devices and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention will be described in detail in connection with the accompanying drawing which illustrates the preferred form and wherein Fig. 1 is a fragmentary vertical elevation partly in section of improved burner head and associate parts;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the burner cup shown detached;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional View taken on the section line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the cap or top plate of the burner head shown detached;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional View taken on the plane indicated by the section line 5-5 of Fig. 4; and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view of a detail.

The invention may be applied to various styles of fuel burner apparatus and is particularly adapted for employment with the apparatus disclosed in my prior application Serial No. 339,078 filed February 11, 1929, the present invention in certain aspects being an improvement on the prior construction. Reference may be had to said prior application for disclosure of appropriate associate parts for the burner head.

The improved burner head comprises an up- 45 right motor-driven rotary spindle or shaft l9,

having a suitable bearing II. Mounted on the upper portion of the shaft is a fuel cup or container I2 having a lower fuel-receiving end formed by an inturned flange into a fuel-receiving trough 50 or gutter-like portion 13 which is spaced from the shaft to provide an opening for the introduction of fuel and admission of air, such trough receiving fuel, as oil, from a suitable supply pipe it. The cup body is circular and continuous, having upwardly and outwardly flared walls providing an upper fuel delivery portion which is surmounted by an inwardly turned wall portion comprising a circular flange E5, the latter being connected by integral arms it with a hub ll which is fitted over the shaft i8 and suitably 5 secured thereto as by the device or key H8. The spaced arms l6 leave air supply openings through the top of the cup. The flared outer wall of the cup facilitates the upward flow of the fuel or oil film due to centrifugal action of the rotary 10 burner head. At the top or fuel delivery portion of the fuel cup, the latter is provided with a plurality of fuel orifices in the form of short, tubular, delivery conduits or pipes It, four of which are shown in the present instance regularly 15 spaced apart. These orifices or pipes provide outlets for the rising fuel film, their mouth portions 28 terminating outside the periphery of the top plate or cap of the burner head.

The cap of the burner head is in the form of 20 a circular top plate 2i having a hub portion 22 fitting over the shaft ill on which the top plate is mounted independently of, or without support from, the body or cup I2. The top plate may be keyed to the shaft and, the key I8 may be used as a securing means. The upper end of the shaft 50 is threaded, as indicated at lilo, to receive a locking nut 23, said nut clamping the cup and the top plate against a shoulder lllb on the shaft. Integral with the top plate 2! and 0 extending downwardly from its under face are a series of air blades or vanes 2t, these being disposed at the outer portion of the head and connecting with a circular rib or flange 25. It will be observed from Fig. 1 that general horizontal plane of the air vanes and the general horizontal plane of the orifice mouths 20 correspond or overlap so that the horizontal fuel and air planes overlap or substantially correspond. Further, it will be noted that the orifice mouths extend beyond the periphery of the cap slightly so that the fuel is expelled outside the plane of the cap and the burner head as a whole, and also that the pipes or tubes l9 curve gradually upward and outward from the fuel cup so that the course of the fuel is gradually changed and it will have a smooth and even flow from its entrance at the bottom of the fuel cup to its exit at the mouth of the fuel pipes.

The primary air which is drawn upward by the action of the vanes is confined within a tubular casing or closure 26 which surrounds but is spaced from the cup to provide an annular air supply opening between the'c'asing and the cup. The mouth ofthe casing terminates below the tubes IS, the periphery of the top of the casing terminating within or in substantial alignment with the periphery of the top plate 2! so as to form therewith a narrow annular air discharge passage which communicates both with the aforesaid annular air supply opening between the easing and the cup and through the annular space between the cap and the cup with the air space beneath the cap which is supplied centrally through the cup. The top plate has no contact with the remainder of the head, except at the shaft, and the construction is such that the entire head is thoroughly vented and air cooled through the air received centrally through the cup and circulated beneath the cap.

It will be noted that the plate or cap 2! has its downwardly extending flange 25 terminating in close proximity to the rim of the fuel cup so that the under portion of the cap outside the flange combines with the outer face of the fuel cup to provide the inner wall of a continuous air passage entirely surrounding the cup and exterior thereof. The outer wall of this passage is provided by the inner face of the casing 25, and the air under the impulse of the vanes 2% passes outward through the narrow opening between the bottom of the cap and the open top of the casing in a continuous flow. The smoothness of the air flow is promoted by the flange 25 which substantially prevents eddies and churning below the cap inside said flange 25. The air passing up at the inside of the cup is secondary to the primary or main air flow on the outside, and will have its exit through the narrow space between the flange 25 and the rim of the fuel cup. But this flow will not be in suiiicient volume to materially interfere with the main outside flow. The air passing up through the interior of the cup, however, as well as that on the outside of the cup, is discharged through the one annular discharge passage between the cap and the casing and between the tubular conduits under the influence of the vanes.

The under side of the top plate, which plate is exposed to the intense heat of the combustion chamber or firebox is constantly cooled by the air current passing along outward at its under side, thereby reducing the temperature at which the oil is delivered to the combustion chamber. In practice it has been found that the temperature may be maintained below the flashing point of the oil or fuel, thus preventing back firing to the burner head and consequent carbonization or gumming deposits within the head which would clog and interfere with its most efiicient operation.

It will be seen that the construction and arrangement is such that the burner head is fully protected and substantially completely enclosed by the closure or casing and the burner cap, there being only sufficient space between them to allow for the emission of the fuel and air, and this open space being reduced to the lowest possible dimensions. The cap which, at its top face, is exposed to the most intense heat of the combustion chamber, is constantly subjected to the cooling eifect of an outgoing air current and the arrangement is such that this current cannot mix with the fuel stream until it has passed horizontally upward beyond the periphery of the cap, thereby subjecting the cap to the full effects of the cooling medium.

I claim:

1. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotary fuel burner cup having an open bottom and provided with a plurality of fuel orifices spaced apart, pipes secured in said orifices and extending beyond the outer periphery of said cup, a circular protective cap coaxially rotatable with the burner cup and ex- 5 tending beyond the outer periphery of the same and over the fuel pipes, a stationary cylindrical protective casing entirely surrounding the burner cup and having an open top of substantially the diameter of the cap and terminating slightly below it, the fuel pipes being disposed between the casing and the cap, said cap having a downwardly extending portion terminating close to the burner cup above the fuel pipes, and cooperating with said cup to restrict air flow through the cup and between the cup and the said portion, and outwardly extending air vanes disposed at the underside of the cap and rigid therewith, said vanes lying substantially in the horizontal plane of the pipes.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotary fuel burner cup having an open bottom and provided with a plurality of fuel orifices spaced apart, pipes secured in said orifices and extending beyond the outer periphery of said cup, a circular protective cap coaxially rotatable with the burner cup and extending beyond the outer periphery of the same and over. the fuel pipes, a stationary cylindrical protective casing entirely surrounding the burner cup and having an open top of substantially the diameter of the cap and terminating slightly below it, the fuel pipes being disposed between the casing and the cap, said cap having a downwardly extending circular flange terminating close to the burner cup above the fuel pipes and cooperating with said cup to restrict air flow through the cup and between the cup and the said portion, and air vanes extending outward from said flange at the underside of the cap and lying substantially in the horizontal plane of the pipes.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotary fuel cup having an open bottom and carrying a plurality of fuel pipes spaced apart and extending outward from the cup, a circular cap coaxially rotatable with the burner cup and extending beyond the outer periphery of the same and over the fuel pipes, the mouths of said pipes projecting beyond the periphery of said cap, a stationary protective casing surrounding said cup and with its open top terminating above the cup and disposed slightly below the circular cap, said casing at its top being of substantially the diameter of the cap, said fuel pipes being disposed between the casing and the cap, said cap having a downwardly extending circular flange at its underside and vanes projecting outward from said flange at the underside of the cap and lying substantially in the plane of the mouths of the fuel pipes,'said flange cooperating with the peripheral portion of said cup to restrict air flow through the cup and between the cup and the said flange. 5

4. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotary burner cup having an open bottom and provided with a plurality of fuel pipes extending beyond its periphery,

a casing entirely surrounding the burner cup and having an open top in a plane at least as high as the top of the cup, a protective cap spaced slightly above the casing, the fuel pipes being in a plane spaced between the cap and the casing, said cap being provided with a circular downwardly extending flange terminating close to the top of the burner cup, said burner cup, said casing and said flanged cap cooperating to provide a continuous and uninterrupted air passage exterior of the burner cup and surrounding it, said flange restricting the air flow through said cup and between said cup and said flange, and vanes for expelling air from said passage through the space between said cap and said casing.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a driving shaft, a rotary, liquidfuel, burner cup secured thereto to rotate therewith, said cup having upwardly and outwardly flared walls providing an upper fuel delivery portion surmounted by an inwardly turned wall portion leaving an air-supply opening through the top of the cup, said cup further having a lower fuel-receiving end formed into a fuel-receiving trough spaced from the shaft to provide an opening for the introduction of fuel therethrough and for the supply of air through said cup and through the air supply opening at the top thereof, a circular protective cap plate above and coaxial with said cup and extending beyond the outer periphery of the latter, said cap plate being centrally connected to rotate with said shaft and cup but having its walls, except for said central connection, spaced from the walls of the cup and providing an air circulation space between the bottom of the cap plate and the top of the cup, a stationary, protective casing surrounding but spaced from the cup with its open mouth terminating above the cup and spaced slightly below the cap plate to provide an annular air supply opening between the casing and the cup and an annular air passage between the casing and the cap plate, said passage communicating both with said annular supply opening and with the air circulating space beneath the cap plate, a plurality of tubular fuel delivery conduits spaced apart and extending upwardly and outwardly from the delivery portion of the cup into the annular air passage between the cap plate and the casing, and a plurality of spaced air vanes secured to and extending outwardly from the under side of said cap plate toward the periphery thereof and spaced from said cup but extending down between said fuel delivery conduits and into the annular air passage between said cap plate and casing.

6. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a driving shaft, a rotary, liquidfuel, burner cup secured thereto to rotate therewith, said cup having upwardly and outwardly flared walls providing an upper fuel delivery portion surmounted by an inwardly turned wall portion leaving an air-supply opening through the top of the cup, said cup further having a lower fuel-receiving end formed into a fuel-receiving trough spaced from the shaft to provide an opening for the introduction of fuel therethrough and for the supply of air through said cup and through the air supply opening at the top thereof, a circular protective cap plate above and coaxial with said cup and extending beyond the outer periphery of the latter, said cap plate being connected to rotate with said cup and said shaft but having 5 an air circulating space between the bottom of the cap plate and the cup adapted to receive air through the top of the cup, a stationary protective casing surrounding but spaced from the cup to provide an annular air supply opening between the casing and the cup, said casing having its open mouth terminating slightly below the cap plate to provide an annular air passage between the casing and the cap plate, said passage communicating both with said annular air supply opening and with the air circulating space beneath said cap plate, a plurality of tubular delivery conduits spaced apart and extending outwardly from the delivery portion of the cup into the annular air passage between the cap plate and the casing, and a plurality of spaced air vanes secured to and extending outwardly from the under side of said cap plate toward the periphery thereof into said annular passage between the cap plate and the casing and between said fuel delivery conduits.

7. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a driving shaft, a rotary, liquidfuel, burner cup secured thereto to rotate therewith, said cup having upwardly and outwardly flared walls providing an upper fuel delivery portion leaving an air-supply opening through the top of the cup, said cup further having a lower fuel-receiving end formed into a fuel-receiving trough spaced from the shaft to provide an opening for the introduction of fuel therethrough and for the supply of air through said cup and through the air supply opening at the top thereof, a circular protective cap plate above and coaxial with said cup, said cap plate being centrally connected to rotate with said shaft and cup but having its walls, except for said central connection, spaced from the walls of the cup to provide an air circulating space between the bottom of the cap plate and the cup adapted to receive air through the top of the cup, a stationary protective casing surrounding but spaced from the cup to provide an annular supply air opening between the casing and the cup, said casing having its open mouth terminating slightly below the cap plate to provide an annular air passage between the casing and the cap plate, said passage communicating both with said annular supply opening and with the air circulating space beneath said cap plate, a plurality of spaced orifices in the delivery portion of the cup for delivering fuel through said annular air passage, and space-d air vanes secured to and extending from the under side of said cap plate toward the periphery thereof and into the annular space between said plate and said casmg.

MARTIN J. BINKLEY. 

